P2:Tv

 Monday 13th September 

Television: industries & audiences

Publicly owned TV channel- Public television is television that is funded by the government, businesses, and viewers, rather than by advertising.

commercial TV channel - A commercial broadcaster is privately owned and they finance themselves through advertisements.

convergence - process of joining different technoliges into one device 

watershed- time when tv programmes which might be unsuitable for children can be broadcasted 

segmented market - Market segmentation is the research that determines how your organisation divides its customers or cohort into smaller groups based on characteristics such as, age, income, personality traits or behaviour. 

mainstream- the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are shared by most people and regarded as normal or conventional.

self-regulating- regulating itself without intervention from external bodies.

franchise- an authorization granted by a government or company to an individual or group enabling them to carry out specified commercial activities, for example acting as an agent for a company's products.

channel-surfing- changing frequently from one program to another on a television 

PSB- Public service broadcasting 

TV- license- A TV Licence is a legal permission to install or use television receiving equipment to watch or record television programmes as they are being shown on TV or live on an online TV service, and to download or watch BBC programmes on demand, including catch up TV, on BBC iPlayer.

scheduling-  

conglomerate 

Research task

When tv was introduced to the uk- 1936

in 1965 how many channels were there in the uk and what were they- bbc1, bbc2, itv 

When did itv start- 1955

which uk channels have to follow PSB reemits- channel 3 and channel 4 and channel 5 and BBC   

Channel surfing was impossible due to tunning issues. 

black and white broadcasted

one TV in the house 

Cant record or stream shows 

only 3 channels

small screen  

 

Monday 21st September 2021

1. 3 channeles 

2. BBC1 BBC2 ITV

3.black and white, small screen

4. one is privately owned and the other is owned by the govermount

Ownership & Regulation

Ofcom is the regulator and competition authority for the UK communications industries. It regulates the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms, mobiles, postal services, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate. Ofcom works with the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport.

BBC- to inform, educate & entertain 

 To provide impartial news and information to help people understand and engage with the world around them. 

 To support learning for people of all ages

To show the most creative, highest quality and distinctive output and services

 To reflect, represent and serve the diverse communities of all of the United Kingdom’s nations and regions and, in doing so, support the creative economy across the United Kingdom

To reflect the United Kingdom, its culture and values to the world

Commercial channels are funded through advertising, ITV1, channel 4, channel 5 are commercially funded channels.   

Monday 27th September 

TV Audiences 

. Streaming 

. watch it live

. record tv

internet- digital 

. Apps

. phone, tablets, PCS

. on demand

. DVD, blue Ray

Majority still watch live tv. 85 percent of the uk still watch PSB channels. 

Popularity on ITV for the voting aspect within in the shows. 

People respond to programmes on social media. 

Passive Audiences refer to those people who watch and observe the media information without making sense. Hence, they are recognized as inactive receivers

An active audience engages, interprets and responds to a media text in different ways and is capable of challenging the ideas encoded in it. A passive audience is more likely to accept the messages encoded in a media text without challenge and are therefore more likely to be directly affected by the messages.

Much more channel competition ( channel surfing)

different platforms available 

Scheduling- Scheduling is, therefore, massively important to both BBC & itv. Competitive scheduling can benefit the the most channels as it creates publicity.
   

DEFINITION: serial Tv drama is defined as any television drama that is organised into a series of episodes (as opposed to one-off dramas). Vically, a series contains between 3 and 12 episodes. A serial has a continuing plot that unfolds Ina sequential ephode.by. episode fashion. TV Dramas typically follow main story arcs that span an entire season; they often contains complex narratives and key characters that evolve as the season continues. 

Heading sub-genres 

crime drama- The Blacklist.

Lucifer.

Clickbait.

period drama- peaky blinders

Monday 4th October

1. PSB channels 

2. 

The 1960's 

The Swinging Sixties was a youth-driven cultural revolution that took place in the United Kingdom during the mid-to-late 1960s, emphasising modernity and fun-loving hedonism, with Swinging London as its centre. It saw a flourishing in art, music and fashion, and was symbolised by the city's "pop and fashion exports".

1961- UN General Assembly condemns apartheid in South Africa.

Berlin Wall is built, dividing East and West Germany.

American-backed Cuban exiles fail in an attempt to invade Cuba at the Bay of Pigs.

Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo is assassinated.

Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin completes the first orbit of Earth by a human.

1962- 

What happened in 1962 Major News Stories include Telstar first live trans-Atlantic television signal, First Beatles single "Love Me Do" released, Oral Polio Vaccine used to combat Polio, Marilyn Monroe is found dead, Cuban Missile Crisis takes world to brink of war, John H.

1963- January–April – Winter of 1963: The UK experiences the worst winter since 1946–47. ... 29 January – Charles de Gaulle, President of France, vetoes the UK's entry into the European Economic Community. 14 February – The Labour Party elects 46-year-old Huyton MP, Harold Wilson as its new leader and Leader of the Opposition.

1964- 6 February – the British and French governments agree a deal for the construction of a Channel Tunnel. ... 19 February – actor Peter Sellers marries actress Britt Ekland. 21 February – £10 banknotes are issued for the first time since the Second World War. 9 March – London Fisheries Convention signed.

1965- March 7 – Bloody Sunday: Some 200 Alabama State Troopers clash with 525 civil rights demonstrators in Selma, Alabama. No one was killed in the clash. March 8 – Vietnam War: Some 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam, becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam.

Key contextual Areas

Cold war

In 1965, the Cold War was at its height. Britain was a

part of NATO - a group of 12 western countries who

agreed to support each other in the face of a Soviet

attack. In retaliation, The Soviet Union formed a pact

with seven other communist countries. Europe was

divided into two armed sides!

Fear of nuclear war

Anxieties about nuclear war were common as both the

Soviet Union and the US were building up their armies

and weapons.

In 1962, The Cuban Missile Crisis took place over a

terrifying week when the two countries took the world

to the brink of a nuclear war.

Espionage 

Both sides in the Cold War used ESPIONAGE — as a way of

finding out what the other side was doing and as a way

to plant false information. A number of double agents

were found guilty of spying in the early 605 and either

defected or were imprisoned.

This meant that espionage was a common theme in films

‘xland TV programmes.

 

Monday 11th March 2021

1. Vietnam war 

2. becoming more equal 

3. The Beetles

4. Rivalry between America and Russia  

The Avengers 

1. The producers are ITV

2.  Mainstream adult audience 

3. 7th Jan 1961

4. 6 seasons 

5. last episode was 1969

6. 56,000 pound budget

British television did compete on the world market, with prestige productions

such as The Avengers being sold to many countries overseas (90 countries by

1969). A lucrative deal with the American Broadcasting Company (reportedly $2

million) required the fourth series of The Avengers to be shot on film and

allowed high production values for television of that era. Previous series were

very studio bound, as was conventional for television of that era, and so appear

to be very 'stagey’ by contemporary standards. editing was a difficult

and costly process so most television was mixed live, with mistakes and sufferd

lines left uncorrected. Many programmes were lost as expensive videotape was

re-used for new programmes. Shooting on film for a higher budget enabled

more sophisticated camerawork, greater use of locations, more controlled

“editing and a more sophisticated soundtrack, with a through-composed score.

Monday 18th October 

Do Now

1. si-fi, comedy, action

2. John steed 

The Avengers 

The town of no return 

The narrative

We see the two main characters

Then the third character comes in on the train

They get the train too little basely

They arrive at the inn

The hunters go out badger hunting but the badgers are people 

steed and peel go to bed and mr small wood gets hunted 

Peel goes to school and figures out there imposters 

0.

The characters    

emma peel 

Mr small wood 

John steed

Land lord- Piggy warren 

fisherman

Jill mattasm- headteacher 

mark brandon 

real mark brandon 

vicar 

Cultural and social  

Audience appeal 

Monday 1st november 

The Avengers: The town of no return 

To explore the narrative, characters and appeal of series 4. 

characters- Mr Steed

narrative- spy drama

social cultural- mr steed is sophisticated 

audience appeal- eye catching content 

Audience appeal - User & graduation 

Personal identity-  

Through Steed we identify and he is a role model as well as WW2 hero and is very calm and collected. 

Peel is a female role model and very brave and respected and attractive to men   

Information 

World of spies - characters narrative 

reassure- do not worry spies protect Britain.

Entertainment 

could enjoy the escapist plots.

Could enjoy the danger of the heroes 

Humor and relationship of Steed & Peel

social interaction 

Monday 8th November 

Context- The avengers 

concerns at the time 

. cold war

. threat of nuclear

. threat of foreign invasion 

. espionage 

Fifth columnists were a group of people who secretly support the enemy and undermine a country from within.

 The ipcress file: an unglamorous spy film with Michael, Caine as a British agent.

Thunder-ball , the fourth James Bond film.

The spy who came in from the cold , Cold War spy film.

The war game: fiction film on the effects of a nuclear

attack on Britain.

 It happend here : fiction film about occupation of, Britain by the Nazis

V K ‘ I: American spy thriller TV series   

Opening scene - 

Reassuring the audience- 

. characters & stereotypes 

. comedy

. narrative

. particular scene 

A good example we can infer is the scene where Emma Peel explains the planned invasion to steed on the blackboard, whilst he sits at a child desk for the humour and comedy side. However though this liltle charade has not much screen time though. They both have cool and calm mindset as well as steeds postion adds humour and a bit of a laugh. Also all of this helps undermine the complications and seriouness of the problem. 

Monday 22nd November 2021

Context 

How was the stereotypical english seaside town represented in episode 1? 

. Pub is silent which therefore suggests a sinister feeling 

. Women have caring role very sterotypical for the time 

. dialogue very short, tempted and not welcoming to be honest  

. country lads apparently go out badger hunting however steeds mate is the badger getting hunted 

. Landlord very jolly almost over bearing over them a little creepy to be honest 

. The pub is sterotypical british pub the way is laid out and how everyone is kept to themselves playing darts =, drinking and small talk between the lotta them

How was media language used to show the attudies and values of the 1960s? 

We can understand from the first scene and infer the media language used to show the atttuides and values of the 1960s is what we would expect to see and is very sterotypical to the pub in the scence and the characters as well. A good example of this we can pick out is when steed and peel enter the pub and everyone turns and looks at them like there not even human there the enemy but blend in as higher socitey compared to them as your ordinary country lot. As well as this when they enter the pub is quiet as a church mouse which suggests a sinster feeling and something dodgy is going on behind the fascde of the ordianary looking people and the lack of commuctaion bewtten the pub the lot and steed and peel which we can connate back to the hatred of the higher in land ways and the vibe steed and peel give off which is high interlecutral thinking and well mannerd peopel in genral. Such as the Landlord in the pub as known as piggy i do belive he is very kind and jolly but almost over bearing of his guests trying to get them outta the light and away such trying to hide something behind his fascde of being the fair mannerd landlord just doesnt add up in the case as we see alter in the film. 

In this espisode we can cleary see attuides and values being prsented of the 1960s in the form of them being scared of outsiders and gender inequlatity towards women. This is shown in the media language and the mise en scene presented in the episde. 

Monday 29th November 

Television in the 2010s 

L/o: research the 2010s (uk) in terms of social, cultral and poltical climate of the deacde, reserach TV usage in 2015. 

UK forces are deployed to Afghanistan in support of the UN-authorised, NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) mission and as part of the US-led Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Between 2003 and the end of 2014 UK operations in Afghanistan were conducted under the name Operation Herrick. Since then UK personnel have operated under the name Operation Toral.

British fatalities in Afghanistan

It is with very deep regret that the Ministry of Defence (MOD) has confirmed the following fatalities suffered during operations in Afghanistan.

As at 23 July 2015, a total of 454 British forces personnel or MOD civilians have died while serving in Afghanistan since the start of operations in October 2001.

Of these, 405 were killed as a result of hostile action.

49 are known to have died either as a result of illness, non-combat injuries or accidents, or have not yet officially been assigned a cause of death pending the outcome of an investigation. The balance of these figures may change as inquests are concluded.

Following a helicopter crash on 11 October 2015, 2 further UK personnel have died while serving in Afghanistan, taking the total number of military deaths to 456.

The war started in 2011, when Syrians enraged by corruption and emboldened by a wave of "Arab Spring" protests across the region took to the streets to demand democratic accountability for their leaders. ... The chaos of the war allowed ISIS, al Qaeda and other terror groups to seize more than 70% of Syria's territory.

The majority of ISIL-controlled territory, though much-diminished, continues to be in the desert in eastern Syria, in addition to isolated pockets elsewhere in the country. ... In Afghanistan, ISIL mostly controls territory near the Pakistan border and has lost 87% of its territory since spring 2015.

Television Industry: 2010s 

LO; to explore the tv industry in 2010s and the effect on tv shows and audiences 

1. 70+

2. live, stream, catch up, Pretty much anything with a screen 

3. if its advertising is an interesting way 

4. Well known actors taking on roles with series thats where the future holds itself 

 

Respration of  personal life

Diversity of sexuality connotes to morden day values of acceptance 

respration of police life 

exciting police car chases 

Looks at the consequences of police work as well as the modren day

sound 

non-digetc voice over, drums non digetc too up beat (action) digetc and non digetc sound over police car sirens are digetc  

editing

Fast paced edit, keeps up with the action 

MES

Started off with police uniforms on backs up the sterotypical idea that we have off the police

diversity is shown with the black officer being in the first camera shot

camerawork 

EST shot of police car chase 

mid-shots of male characters one black one white officer 

Diversity of colour with different shot types 

Aired October 2015 with the winter schedule, aimed at a wider audience eg Apprentice & strictly 

Brodcast 8pm on a weekday at peak time for maximising views

Targeted a broad family audience of 16-65

offered a range of characters with diffrent diversities such as sexuality and colour to appeal to many demographics 

fits morden past 2010 populist series format, relatable storylines with a consistent set of troubled characters with diffrent issues   

Production values we would expect to see from the BBC would be Trust is the foundation of the BBC. We're independent, impartial and honest.

We put audiences at the heart of everything we do.

We respect each other and celebrate our diversity.

We take pride in delivering quality and value for money.

Creativity is the lifeblood of our organisation.    

An active audience engages, interprets and responds to a media text in different ways and is capable of challenging the ideas encoded in it. A passive audience is more likely to accept the messages encoded in a media text without challenge and are therefore more likely to be directly affected by the messages.

The audience for Cuffs and the Avengers would have been very different as this is because in Cuffs we would reconizge an active audience as this is from a presence of social media and the genre of cuffs however with the avengers we see a passive a audience where the audience take everything in and dont really question it. But in cuffs the active audience will engage with the show and question for example is that what the police is actually like and as well as everyone is so media revoled now its much more common to see an active audience rather than a passive audience. 

Monday 13th December

Police Generic conventions 

Life on mars 

camerawork- steady cam/ establishing shots help set the characters and time period  

mise en scene- warrent cards, office with old fashioned clothes and phones  

sound- sirens from the police cars, police cars brake pads screeching 

editing- fast paced/ not as fast paced 

representation- got uniformed police officer as well as plain clothes officers mainly dominant of the males and the woman police officers present are most likely lower rank and noyt much involed more in the background   

The Generic conventions in a police drama compared to each other so early 2000s and the 1970s are very different with the codes and conventions used. In the early 2000s there is a Female presence and in the 1970s there is no female presence as well the sterotypical comments agasint them even though there is no women present.   

Monday 24th January 

Cuffs series 1, episode 1 

ryan draper-  powerful

jake vickers- nervous

Jo moffat- leader

Robert vickers- strict

Carl Hawkind- 

felix kane- 

donna prager- fearless

Lino moretti- comedic 

Ryan draper as well as Donna prager as role models such as can empathise the hardship and the difficulty the police can possibly face of the public indifference and the toughness of the job comes. We may enjoy seeing gay characters as key protagonists who are not defined by there sexuality.   

Cuffs & social context 

L/o: to analyse representations and influence of social & cultural context in cuffs. 

DS Jo Moffat She has important status as a Detective, although it could be argued that this is

undermined by her affair with her boss, Chief Superintendent Vickers. She is represented

as weak when she hesitates about leading the press conference on the racist attack, but

as strong during the police raid. Her status and power in the police reflect the number of

women in positions of authority in 2015.

Chief superintendent is more traditional representation of masculinity, as the dominant, controlling male. Superintendent whose job it is to keep his team of detectives and police officers in line. Represented Vickers as authoritative and patriarchal in both his work and personal life.

 He has power: he is respected by his peers and trusted to

mentor Jake. 

2. He is gentle with members of the public (E.g. drug addict g

Nathan

3. He is determined and focused during the car chase. 

4. He responds with courage and determination to the ram-raid (

call.

5. He is emotional when he gets angry with Jake. 

6. He is a caring single parent, taking on a maternal role with his 1

kids - brushing her hair etc. 

7. He bravely confronts the racist criminal. 

                                                                                                                                                                  Draper's character has the most

developed and most interesting

representation of masculinity. He is

a multi-dimensional character with

both traditionally masculine and

feminine qualities

Jake vickers is extremely naive such as being inexperienced and being weak over confident as well as being dedicated.  

Monday 7th February 

A theme is a central topic, subject, or message within a narrative.

- What themes would you say it clear in the episode?

A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of

person or thing.

What stereotypes are present in the episode?

An ideology is a set of opinions or beliefs of a group or an individual.

Key elements- theme; racism, feminism, terrsiom, police inadequacy 

DS Jo Moffat 

She has important status as a Detective, although it could be argued that this is

undermined by her affair with her boss, Chief Superintendent Vickers. She is represented

as weak when she hesitates about leading the press conference on the racist attack, but

as strong during the police raid. Her status and power in the police reflect the number of

women in positions of authority in 2015.

Cuffs & social contexts 

Ethnic minority 1. Hard working. 1. Boy in the shop 1. Positive

2. Dedicated 2. Prager/Moretti/Draper. 2. Hard working, want to

police officers or training contribute to the community,

after work. make the place safer and

give up their free time to

help them improve their

performance.

White characters- hard working as well as being dedicated to thier job. They are hard working therefore want to contribute  to the community however the super intiendient  is very arrogant and aggressive.  

Different ages represented to have complicated personal lives

Younger generation seen to be attractive, physically fit and energetic

Young - Naive

police - Fit

characters - Dedicated

. Risk takers

Older - Experienced

police - Patriarchal

characters - Confident

- Risk takers

Monday 7th March 

In cuffs wee see that resprestations of gender are shown through the male characters.

Age reflects the social and cultural context of the time as the young characters are represented

Sexuality demonstrates the change in social and cultural context through the portray of LGBT characters and homosexuality.    

representations of ethnicity vary in cuffs and subvert traditional outdated stereotypes.    

Cuffs in episode 1 has changed the stereotype of gender role as giving female equal power and mental strength as the male characters which proves cuffs goes agasint the outdated ideology that women cant be strong or as powerful as males. 

Analysing an extract 

Media language- 

Camerawork

soundtrack

editing

Mise-en-scene 

  

Im the opening scene the seagulls create ambient sound as well as the contrapuntal sound in the title credit is upbeat and modern but has a serious mysterious tone. the use of the sound suggests that the episode will be aimed at a younger dynamic audience.  The ambient sounds the waves and beach scene match location and emphasise setting. Dialogue of speech used to juxtapose the action and images being shown.     

Monday 14th March 

The Avengers extract Analysis

expressions- cold no upbeat energy

low-key lighting- reflects mood and tension

setting-empty- lack of friendship community

pub- darts,old bar, bar stools as being a traditional pub

rifles- villages- danger hostility not trust worthy 

shot/reverse shot

juxtaposition

non-contulity editing

fast-paced editing 

transitions- dissolve, wipe, fade 

music

diegetic/non-diegetic sound 

Monday 21st March 

Mock exam dirt

q.1 Target 1- focus on mise-en-scene eg. lighting, facial expressions, props, and connotations

q.2 give examples of how suspense is created in the scene eg. music, camera shots, lighting, editing, camera angles 

q.3 Discuss examples of representation, media language, audience,, industry context that show traditional representations

q.4

q.5

q.4 Be specific in what resprestations are created in the cover 

q.5 cover the differnece in media langauge  

  

 

Revision/ Exam Preparation

Reads q1-3 

First and second screening

5 min for breaks for the note taking 

third screening 

Q2 to is to analyse the extract using media language and representation to make a judgement 

10 marks, 10 mins 

lighting- low key or high key

sound- music/ use of silence/ beat

MES

camerawork

editing  

Q3 - Long essay based question

Question THREE may ask you to use both the extract and your knowledge of

TV to make a judgement.

You could be asked about:

• How particular viewpoints have been shown

You will need to:

• How certain ideas or values have been

represented

• Give THREE specific examples from

the extract, giving precise details

• Analyse and explain how each

example creates meaning or effects

Make a judgement and come to a

conclusion

●

How the audience have been positioned

.

• How the context has effected the meaning

• Use accurate terminology

It will be a 15 mark (15 min) question.

Q4 - TV Industry & Audiences

Question FOUR may ask you about the TV industry and audiences in general.

It could ask you to refer to EITHER TV drama we have studied.

You could be asked about:

You will need to:

• Scheduling

• Regulation

• Explain your ideas in full

Give specific examples

●

PSB

• Technology

• Use the appropriate media

terminology for the media language

element.

• Audience appeals (U&G)

It will be a 5 mark (5 min) question.

Q5 - Contexts

Question FIVE may ask you about the social, political or historical context of

either programme

You could be asked about:

• Influence of social context

You will need to:

Influence of political context

• Explain your ideas in full

• Differences between 1965 and 2015

• Effects of context on programming

. Give specific examples

Mention specific events and dates

• Link to context

It will be a 10 mark (10 min) question.